Internet guide: how to measure your speed, plus a glossary of terms

Master your internet connection. Here you will find everything needed to perform accurate measurements, interpret our AI diagnostics, and solve common problems.

Guides and tools

1. How to test correctly (Step by Step)

A speed test is a "snapshot" of the moment. For that snapshot to be clear, the environment must be clean.

  1. Physical Connection

    Whenever possible, use an Ethernet cable (CAT5e or CAT6). WiFi is naturally unstable and rarely reflects the true speed of fiber optics.

  2. If using WiFi

    Stand close to the router. ALWAYS connect to the 5 GHz network (usually ends in _5G). The 2.4GHz network is slow and congests easily.

  3. ⛔ Close these before starting:

    • Netflix, YouTube, Twitch (4K Streaming)
    • Steam, Epic Games (Background downloads)
    • VPNs (Drastically reduce speed)
    • Active video calls (Zoom, Meet)
  4. Run the test

    With a clean environment, run the test and write down all four numbers: download, upload, ping and jitter. Repeat it at another time of day to compare.

2. Understanding the AI (Vera)

Vera is our expert network analyst. It not only measures your speed but diagnoses the real health of your connection. Here we explain its most common diagnoses:

🤖 Vera says: "CRITICAL: Packet Loss"
The most serious issue. Data gets lost on the way. Causes "rubber-banding" in games and robotic audio in calls. Check your Ethernet cable or call your technician.
🤖 Vera says: "Latency spikes under load (Bufferbloat)"
Your connection saturates when downloading, causing ping spikes for others. Solution: enable SQM or "Smart Queue" (adaptive QoS with fq_codel or CAKE) on your router and cap the throughput slightly below your real speed. Plain priority QoS alone won't drain the buffers; look for "Smart Queue" or "adaptive QoS" in your router settings.
🤖 Vera says: "High Jitter / Instability"
Your ping is not constant, jumping from low to high. Fatal for competitive gaming. If on WiFi, switch to cable. If wired, it is an ISP issue.
About Vera

Vera uses artificial intelligence to interpret your test results and explain them to you in plain language. It's a great first read, but for complex doubts it's best to verify with a human technician.

3. Glossary & Key Concepts

Speed: Download vs Upload

Download

How fast you receive data from the internet. Used for:

  • Netflix, YouTube, Disney+ (4K)
  • Browsing social media (Instagram, TikTok)
  • Downloading games (Steam, PS5)

Upload

How fast you send data to the internet. Crucial for:

  • Video calls (Zoom, Google Meet)
  • Uploading files to Google Drive / iCloud
  • Live streaming (Twitch, YouTube Live)

Ping, Jitter & Bufferbloat

Ping (Latency)

Your connection reaction time. Imagine it as an "echo". If it takes long to return, you have high ping.

Vital for: Online Gaming (Fortnite, CS:GO, Valorant).

Jitter (Instability)

Ping variation. Having 20ms ping is good, but if it jumps to 100ms and back constantly, you have high Jitter. This causes "lag spikes" or rubber-banding.

Bufferbloat (Ping under load)

When ping spikes drastically while downloading. Ever happened that someone watches Netflix and your game starts lagging? That is Bufferbloat.

Solution: Enable SQM / "Smart Queue" / adaptive QoS (fq_codel or CAKE) on your router, capping throughput slightly below your real speed. Plain priority QoS alone won't drain the buffers: look for "Smart Queue" or "adaptive QoS" in the settings.

Packet Loss

Happens when data you send or receive gets lost on the way and never arrives. The worst enemy of a connection.

Symptoms:
  • Robotic audio in calls
  • Shots not registering in games
  • Websites loading partially
Common Causes:
  • Weak WiFi signal or interference
  • Damaged ethernet cable
  • ISP street issues

Infrastructure & Concepts

ISP (Internet Service Provider)

Your Internet Service Provider (e.g., Comcast, AT&T). They are responsible for bringing the cable to your house and assigning you an IP address.

Bandwidth vs Throughput

"Bandwidth" is the theoretical maximum capacity of your cable (e.g., a 4-lane highway). "Throughput" is the actual speed at which data travels (how many cars actually pass per hour). Factors like WiFi or congestion reduce throughput.

Firewall / Antivirus

Security software that inspects every data packet. Sometimes, a very strict antivirus can artificially slow down your connection by "reading" everything you download before letting it pass.

4. Best Practices & Optimization

Cable > WiFi

For work, gaming or streaming, always use Ethernet. WiFi is convenient but unstable for critical tasks.

Router Placement

Place it in the center of the house, elevated and away from mirrors, microwaves or fish tanks that block signal.

QoS (Quality of Service)

If your router supports it, enable QoS. This prevents a Steam download from clogging the network and killing your internet.

4. Frequently Asked Questions

Why is my speed lower than paid for?
ISPs sell "up to" X speed. Over WiFi it is normal to get noticeably less than you pay for, because the signal degrades with distance and walls; the measurement that supports a complaint is always over a cable. If, over a cable, with the router restarted and no downloads running, you stay well below your plan across several tests at different times of day, save that evidence and file a complaint with your provider.
How much data does this test use?
Depends on your speed. A 100 Mbps connection will use 100-200 MB. A 1 Gbps line can use up to 1 GB in seconds. Be careful on mobile data.
Why do I get different results on different servers?
The Internet is a network of networks. Speed depends on the slowest path. If server A is close and free, it gives 100%. If server B is far or congested, it gives less. Always choose the closest server to test your line.
Does the browser affect the result?
Yes. Chrome, Firefox, Edge, and Safari process data differently. Also, extensions (AdBlock, translators) use CPU and can "throttle" the test on high-speed connections (over 500 Mbps). Try in incognito mode.
Why is my upload much slower than download?
Most home connections are "Asymmetric". ISPs prioritize download because people consume more content (Netflix, YouTube) than they create. Only business plans or symmetric fiber offer equal speeds.